Some information about biotic components

In this content first you have to know what is energy flow?

          Every biological activity needs energy. Solar energy is the prime source of energy for all living organisms. This energy is transformed into chemical energy in plants. 

           The green plants prepare starch by photosynthesis. The energy trapped by the plants is made available to different kind animals. illustrates the flow of energy from the sun to different organisms

Biotic componenets

1. Producers

       The organisms which prepare their own food are called producers. So the green plants are called producers. Since the plants are self feeder organisms, they are also known as autotrophs. The carbon dioxide is present in the atmosphere. Water is absorbed by the root from the region of hydrosphere. The green pigment is present in the plants. Making use of carbon dioxide and water, the green plants convert the light energy into chemical energy of carbohydrates. 

             The plants which are growing on land are called terrestrial plants. eg. mango, Opuntia, paddy, etc. certain plants are also growing in water. These plants are known as aquatic plants. eg. Pistia, Vallisneria, Eichhornia, etc.

2. Consumers 

            The animals which feed on plants and other animals are called consumers. They are further divided into three groups namely herbivores, carnivores and omnivores. The animals which feed only on plants are called herbivores. eg. deer, goat, cow, horse, etc. These animals are also known as primary consumers.They occupy second energy level in the energy flow.

                Those animals which do not feed on plants but feed only on plants but feed only on herbivores are called fresh eaters or carnivores. eg. frog, lion, tiger, snake, etc. These animals are also known as secondary consumers. They occupy third energy level in the energy flow.

                Those animals which feed on both plants and animals are called omnivores. eg. crow, pig, cock, man, etc. These animals occupy the top level in the energy flow.

3. Decomposers

             The dead and decaying organisms are termed as detritus. The detritus and the waste products of animals are decomposed by bacteria and fungi. Hence they are known as detrivores or decomposers.